The northern squawfish ( Ptychocheilus oregonensis), unusually large for a minnow, may reach 120 cm in length. Many are quite small, attaining lengths of only 60 mm as adults, eg, the northern redbelly dace ( Phoxinus eos). Minnows inhabit waters from bogs to large lakes and rivers throughout Canada, except insular Newfoundland, and are often the most numerous fishes, both as species and individuals. Carp ( Cyprinus carpio) and goldfish ( Carassius auratus) are familiar Asian minnows that have been introduced and become established in several provinces. Some have restricted ranges (eg, redside dace, Clinostomus elongatus, of Lake Ontario drainages) others are found coast to coast. The largest fish family, with over 1500 species (including carp, squawfish, dace, bream, etc), it is found worldwide, excluding South America, Australia and the far north. Properly, minnows are small to large freshwater fish of class Actinopterygii, order Cypriniformes, family Cyprinidae. Many people refer wrongly to any small fish as a minnow.
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